Template:Convert/doc

Template convert calculates measurements from one unit (you can enter) to another one, and then presents the results. For example:
 * &rarr; 2 km
 * &rarr; 7 mi

The available units are listed below. Units are case-sensitive always (kW, not KW and not kw). Multiple formatting and calculation options are listed below.

Unit name or symbol (abbreviation): 1 pound or 1 lb?
By default, the first value shows unit name, the second the symbols (= abbreviation). Use on/off to change this behaviour:
 * &rarr; 1 lb (To compare; default: first value shows unit name)
 * &rarr; 1 lb
 * &rarr; 1 lb


 * in toggles the default behaviour (out):
 * &rarr; 1 lb

Adjective: a 10-mile distance
Use on to produce the adjective form. The difference:
 * &rarr; 10 mi to go. (To compare, default)
 * &rarr; A 10 mi distance. (Adjective form)

Rounding: 100 ft is 30 m or 30.5 m or 30.48 m?
By definition, 100 ft equals 100 ft. In practical use, it is common to round the calculated metric number. With that, there are several possibilities.

Default rounding

 * By default, the conversion result will be rounded either to precision comparable to that of the input value (the number of digits after the decimal point—or the negative of the number of non-significant zeroes before the point—is increased by one if the conversion is a multiplication by a number between 0.02 and 0.2, remains the same if the factor is between 0.2 and 2, is decreased by 1 if it is between 2 and 20, and so on) or to two significant figures, whichever is more precise. An exception to this is rounding temperatures (see below).

Convert supports four types of rounding:

Round to a given precision: use precision
Specify the desired precision with the fourth unnamed parameter (or third unnamed parameter if the "convert to" parameter is omitted; or fifth unnamed parameter if a range is specified; or fourth unnamed parameter again if a range is specified and the "convert to" parameter is omitted; needs to be replaced with a "precision" named parameter). The conversion is rounded off to the nearest power of $1/undefined$ this number. For instance, if the result is 8621 and the round number is "-2", the result will be 8600. If the result is "234.0283043" and the round number is "0", the result will be 234.

Round to a given number of significant figures: use sigfig
To specify the output number to be with n significant figures use &lt;number>: Setting &lt;=0 is meaningless
 * To compare: 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft
 * 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft
 * 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft
 * 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft
 * 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft
 * 1200 ft &rarr; 1200 ft

Round to a multiple of 5: 15, 20, 25, ...
Using 5 rounds the outcome to a multiple of 5.
 * &rarr; 10 m
 * &rarr; 10 m

Similar: using 25 rounds the outcome to a multiple of 25.
 * &rarr; 10 m
 * &rarr; 10 m
 * To compare:  &rarr; 10 m

In a range, one can round each value individually to the default. Use each:
 * &rarr; 10 x 200 x 3000 m
 * &rarr; 10 x 200 x 3000 m

Round to a multiple of a given fraction: $2 3/16$ inch
Specify the desired denominator using &lt;some positive integer&gt;. (Denominator is the below-the-slash number, for example the 3 in $1/3$).
 * &rarr; 5.56 cm
 * &rarr; 8 cm

The fraction is reduced when possible:
 * &rarr; 8 cm
 * &rarr; 8 cm (To compare)

Rounding the temperatures &deg;C, &deg;F and K
In temperatures, the conversion will be rounded either to precision comparable to that of the input value or to that which would give three significant figures when expressed in kelvins, whichever is more precise.
 * &rarr; 10 C

Note
 * For a temperature difference, like to convert "A rise of 10 &deg;C", use 10 &tc.
 * &rarr; A rise of 10 C-change

Into multiple units: 10 C
Separate the multiple output units by a space:
 * &rarr; 10 C
 * &rarr; 5 km

A range: 6 to 17 kg (13 to 37 lb)
Range indicators are entered as the second parameter (between the values). Range separators can be:

Multiple dimensions: 6 x

 * Use "by":
 * &rarr; 6 by


 * Use "&times;" or ""x"":
 * &rarr; 6 x

In science, the formal way is to set  and on (keeping dimensions right, like in area = x km2):
 * &rarr; 6 x

About feet, inch in ranges and multiples
While it is possible to enter feet, inch in a simple conversion, this is not possible for ranges:
 * &rarr; 1 ft (to compare)
 * &rarr; 1 ft

Spelling of unit name: UK metre or US meter?
Default spelling of units is en-UK. To show en-US spelling, use us:
 * &rarr; 1 m -- default
 * &rarr; 1 m

Spell out numbers: ten miles
To write a number in words, use in:
 * &rarr; 10 mi

To spell out both in and out values, use on:
 * &rarr; 10 mi

To make first letter a capital, use In, On
 * &rarr; 10 mi
 * &rarr; 10 mi

Remember that the spelling of the units (ft, m) is independently set by abbr. To the extreme:
 * &rarr; 10 mi

Extra words: 4 planted acres

 * Incomplete section
 * &rarr; 4 acre

Extra adjective words: A 10 ft corridor

 * &rarr; 10 ft

Plurals: 1 inch, 2 inches
The unit symbol is singular always. Depending on the preceding number only, a unit name can be shown plural.
 * &rarr; 1 metre
 * &rarr; 2 metre
 * &rarr; 2 metre

Entering the unit spelled  forces singular output "foot", whatever the number is.
 * Exception:
 * &rarr; 100 foot

Grammatical construction: The 18-, 24- and 32-pounder (8, 11 and 15 kg) cannons
This example is from article Fort McHenry:

This formatted result is not possible straightforward by using. However, it can be made in three steps.
 * Step 1: Enter the input numbers and units in just to get the calculated output:
 * &rarr; had 18, cannons
 * The core conversion should look good now. You can save this (or preview).
 * Step 2: We need the resulting text in plain code in the page, not as a template.
 * For this, '''add
 * As a check: the preview result should show the conversion correct, with the numbers still right.
 * Now save this.
 * &rarr; had 18, 24, 32 pounds (8, 11, 15 kg) cannons
 * Step 3: When opening the edit screen again, you'll see that the text is there in code. The template itself has disappeared. You can change the text as needed. The edit screen text is:
 * You can edit this text to add the grammar:
 * After saving your edit, it shows:
 * &rarr; "had 18-, 24- and 32-pounder (8, 11 and 15 kg) cannons".
 * After saving your edit, it shows:
 * &rarr; "had 18-, 24- and 32-pounder (8, 11 and 15 kg) cannons".
 * &rarr; "had 18-, 24- and 32-pounder (8, 11 and 15 kg) cannons".

Using an SI prefix: gigameter (Gm), or micrometer (μm)
Units can have an SI prefix like  before the unit: , and   before the name:. These are plain multiplication factors.

To illustrate, these are trivial calculations (from meter to meter), showing the multiplication factor:
 * 12 Gm
 * 12 μm

The prefix can be added before the SI unit (here: unit  for meter):
 * &rarr; 12 Gm
 * : 12 Mm
 * : 12 km
 * : 12 mm
 * : 12 μm
 * : 12 um (letter "u" can be used for "μ" here)

The prefix can be used in the output unit:
 * &rarr; 12000 mi
 * &rarr; 12 in

As an exception, the non-SI unit "inch" can have the "μ" prefix too)
 * &rarr; 12 μm



In the unit: e6m
Engineering number notations like 76 (for 7 &times; 106) can be entered as a "prefix" to the unit:
 * → 7 e6m

The same is possible for the output unit:
 * → 23,000,000 ft

Any standard unit (not a combination, multiple, or built-in unit) can have such a prefix:
 * (thousand),  (million),   (billion),   (trillion),   (quadrillion).

Scientific notation: 1.23×10−14
In scientific notation, a number is written like 12.3e-15.

With, the input can be in e-notation such as. This value is displayed as a power of ten, and the output is displayed in scientific notation, except that an output value satisfying 0.01 <= v < 1000 is shown as a normal number. In addition, if the output value is 1000 and sigfig=4 is used, the value is displayed as a normal number.


 * → 12.3e-15 atm
 * → 0.00000005 atm

Input with fractions: 1+1/2 in
The number to convert can be written in fractions. Both  (keyboard slash) and   (fraction slash) are accepted:
 * sign
 * and repeat it:
 * ) returns a horizontal bar fraction:
 * → 1//2 in
 * → 2+1//2 in

Thousands separator: 1,000 mi and 1000 mi
In input, a comma for thousands separator is accepted. A gap (space) is not. In output, by default, the thousand separator is the comma:
 * → 1,234,567 m
 * → 1,234,567 m
 * → 1 234 567 m ❌

Set off to remove the separator:
 * → 1234567 m

Use gaps to set digit grouping by gap in larger numbers (thousands separator):
 * → 1234567 m (To compare, default)
 * → 1234567 m

Setting 5 or gaps5 will only add the separator when the number of digits is 5 or more:
 * → 1234 m (To compare, default)
 * → 1234 m
 * → 1234567 m
 * → 1234 m
 * → 1234567 m

Brackets and separators: 10 m [33 ft]
Punctuation that distinguishes the two measurements is set by disp.

Options are:  (the default),  ,  ,  ,  ,  :
 * &rarr; 10 m --  brackets are the default
 * &rarr; 10 m
 * &rarr; 10 m
 * &rarr; 10 m

Setting br will force a new line
 * &rarr; 10 m

Also br will force a new line, and keep the brackets:
 * &rarr; 10 m

Setting x allows any text as separator:


 * &rarr; 10 m -- (To display spaces, use )

Flipping (reordering) the two measurements: 1 mi
Setting flip will flip (swap) the two measurements:
 * &rarr; 1 mi (To compare, default)
 * &rarr; 1 mi

When converting to multiple units, the effect is:
 * &rarr; 10 km
 * &rarr; 10 km

Displaying parts of the result: 2 cuyd
It is possible to display only parts of the conversion result:

Display input name and symbol: 2 kilopascals [kPa]
Setting ~ returns both name and symbol of the first (input) unit:
 * &rarr; 2 kPa
 * &rarr; A 2 kPa pressure

Table options
For the wikitable structure, there are three options: add a line-break, split the result over columns and make the table sortable.

Enforced line break
br adds a line-break and omits brackets.

br adds a lnie-break and does add brackets to the converted value. This may be useful in tables:

Table columns showing numbers only
Using {convert} in a table cell, with table splits the result over two columns:
 * &rarr; 10 m

tablecen does the same, and also centers the text:
 * &rarr; 20 m

The units are added as a column header:
 * {| class=wikitable

! style="width:10em;" | ! style="width:10em;" | m ! style="width:10em;" | ft
 * table
 * 10 m
 * tablecen
 * 20 m
 * &lt;other> (default)
 * 30 m
 * }
 * &lt;other> (default)
 * 30 m
 * }

Sorting

 * Use both table on to produce table columns (pipe symbols), with sortable table column. As of January 2013, only the first (lefthand) column will sort (improvements pending).


 * 10 m &rarr;


 * This shows the hidden numerical sortkey:


 * {| class="wikitable sortable"

! m ! ft
 * 15+3/4 m
 * 15.5 m
 * 16.0 m
 * 16 m
 * }
 * 16.0 m
 * 16 m
 * }
 * }

In input
Base document #Input multiples lists options for multiple unit input (like ft,in). It can catch predefined sets only (units that can be subdivided, e.g. yd into ft):
 * &rarr; 1 yd
 * &rarr; 2 ft
 * &rarr; 1 lb

In output

 * Some output units are predefined, like  and  . The full list is at #Output multiples.
 * &rarr; 2 m
 * &rarr; 2 m -- decimal point
 * &rarr; 2 m -- the default


 * See also
 * hands a length used to measure horses.

'per' units: kg/hl
When using a slash, a unit like  is recognized as kilograms per hectolitre and will be converted with other mass/volume units.
 * &rarr; 1000 kg/hl

TemplateData
{ "description": "Converts measurements to other units.", "params": { "1": { "label": "value", "description": "the value to convert", "type": "number" }, "2": { "label": "from unit", "description": "", "type": "string/line" }, "3": { "label": "to units", "description": "the unit to convert into", "type": "string/line" }, "4": { "label": "precision or suffix", "description": "significant digits after decimal dot or, if negative, exponent of ten", "type": "number" }, "lk": { "label": "link units", "description": "“on” all, “in” input, “out” output or “off” no units", "default": "off", "type": "string/line" }, "abbr": { "label": "abbreviation", "description": "display for the units: “on” unit symbols, “off” all unit names in full words, “in” input unit symbol, “out” abbreviated output units, “values” no units at all", "default": "out", "type": "string/line" }, "sp": { "label": "spelling", "description": "“us” display U.S. spelling of unit names", "type": "string/line" }, "adj": { "label": "adjective", "description": "adjective form (singular unit name appended by hyphen) “on” or “mid” to put conversion at end", "type": "string/line" }, "disp": { "label": "conversion", "description": "display conversion result: “or” after ‘or’, “x” with custom prefix and suffix, “b” in parentheses, “table”/“tablecen”, “output only” alone, “output number only” alone and without unit, “unit” not at all but input unit; if the value is a number it is used as precision", "default": "b", "type": "string/line" }, "order": { "label": "ordering", "description": "“flip” returns converted value first, input value second.", "type": "string/line" }, "sigfig": { "label": "significant figures", "description": "number that sets the number of significant figures", "type": "number" }, "round": { "label": "rounding output", "description": "“5” rounds the output number to nearest multiple of 5, “25” to nearest multiple of 25, “each” rounds each number in a range", "type": "string/line" }, "comma": { "label": "thousands separator", "description": "Sets or suppresses thousand separator in the numbers. “off” = no separator; “gaps”: use space not comma; “5” and “gaps5”: only add separator when number > 5 positions (10,000 or more)", "default": "on", "type": "string/line" }, "sortable": { "label": "sort key", "description": "“on” generates a hidden sort key", "type": "string/line" } }}